Monday, October 10, 2022

7 Steps to Creating Presence in Online Courses - Step 5

 

The fifth step is to use a LEARNER-CENTERED MODEL. The learner-centered model we created in our presence book (Lehman & Conceição, 2010) helps instructors better understand the perceptual nature of students and ways in which the educational experience can be designed to create presence.

Learners are at the center of the model, with their thoughts, emotions and behavior. We call this center circle the Who. The next circle is the What, which indicates the interactive experiences that can be created for learners. For example, the instructor can incorporate:

  1. objective experiences (Skype or electronic office hours to create a sense of objective presence)

  2. subjective experiences (the use of names and learners’ experiences to incorporate the personal)

  3. social experiences (interactive activities, group and team work, or discussion)

  4. environmental experiences (which allow students to actually change the learning environment through feedback and formative course change)

The circle around the What is the How or Modes of Presence, the ways in which these interactions can be carried out. For example, the instructor can use:

  1. realism (a simulation or a real life project)

  2. immersion (Second Life or gamification)

  3. involvement (debates, the discussion board, group work, or team projects)

  4. suspension-of-disbelief (the use of videos, reading materials, or audio podcasts)

The outer circle is the Where, the online environment (described in the Differences Chart) that the instructor participates in, partnering with learners.

Reference

Lehman, R. M., & Conceição, S. C. (2010). Creating a sense of presence in online teaching: How to “be there” for distance learners. Jossey-Bass. 


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