Design with Presence: Applying the Framework for Online Learning

 

Creating a strong sense of presence in online education is essential to bridge the virtual gap between instructors and learners. Lehman and Conceição (2010), in their book Creating a Sense of Presence in Online Teaching: How to "Be There" for Distance Learners, introduce a comprehensive framework for fostering this presence within online courses.​

 

Understanding the Framework for Designing Online Courses with a Sense of Presence

Lehman and Conceição's (2010) framework is built upon several key determinants that collectively enhance the feeling of presence in virtual learning environments. These determinants include:​

1. Type and Focus of Content: Align course materials with learners' needs and ensure relevant and engaging content.​
2. Format of the Learning Experience: Design the course structure to promote interaction, whether through synchronous sessions, asynchronous discussions, or a blend of both.​
3. Interactive Strategies: Implement activities encouraging collaboration, such as group projects, peer reviews, and interactive discussions.​
4. Role of the Instructor: Maintain an active and visible presence by providing timely feedback, facilitating discussions, and being accessible to students.​
5. Types of Technology: Utilize tools and platforms that support interactive and immersive experiences, enhancing learning.​
6. Support Provided: Offer resources and assistance to help students navigate the online environment effectively, address technical issues, and provide academic support.​

 

Practical Application of the Framework

To illustrate the application of this framework, consider the following strategies:​

• Before the Course Begins: Send a personalized welcome message to students, introducing yourself and outlining the course objectives. This initial communication sets a tone of approachability and openness.​
• During the Course: Incorporate regular interactive elements such as live Q&A sessions, discussion forums, and collaborative assignments to keep students engaged and foster community.​
• At the End of the Course: Provide a reflective activity where students can share their learning experiences and feedback, reinforcing their sense of contribution and presence within the course.​

By thoughtfully integrating these determinants into course design, educators can create online learning environments that convey information and build a strong sense of presence. This approach leads to more engaging, interactive, and effective educational experiences for distance learners.

 

Reference

Lehman, R. M., & Conceição, S. C. O. (2010). Creating a Sense of Presence in Online Teaching: How to "Be There" for Distance Learners. Jossey-Bass.

Instructor Presence: How to Be ‘There’ for Online Students

 

 

In an online learning environment, students can easily feel isolated or disconnected without the physical presence of their instructor and peers. Unlike face-to-face classes, where instructors can interact with students regularly and pick up on non-verbal cues, online education requires intentional strategies to foster engagement and support. One of the most critical components of student success in online courses is instructor presence—the sense that the instructor is actively involved, approachable, and engaged with the student's learning journey. In this post, we’ll explore why instructor presence is so significant in online learning and how consistent communication and feedback can help create a supportive and engaging virtual classroom.

 

Why Instructor Presence Matters

Instructor presence is essential to building student connections, especially without face-to-face interaction. Research shows that when instructors are visible and active in online courses, students feel more supported and motivated to engage with the course material. Instructor presence helps reduce feelings of isolation and enhances student satisfaction, retention, and overall learning outcomes.

 

An instructor’s involvement in an online course sends a clear message to students: "I am here to support you, guide you, and ensure your success." This feeling of connection can help students stay motivated, ask questions when they need help, and persist through challenges.

 

Key Elements of Instructor Presence

There are several ways instructors can demonstrate their presence in an online course. The key is consistency—students need to feel that their instructor is actively involved throughout the course, not just at the start or end. Below are some strategies to help foster strong instructor presence:

 

1.    Frequent and Clear Communication

Regular communication is one of the most effective ways to demonstrate instructor presence. Weekly announcements, check-ins, and reminders help keep students informed and engaged with the course. Tools like email, discussion boards, or video announcements can send updates, address common questions, or share insights about the week’s material. When students hear from their instructor consistently, they feel more connected to the course and are more likely to stay on track.

 

2.    Timely Feedback on Assignments

Providing timely, personalized feedback on assignments is crucial for student success. Feedback helps students understand their progress, identify areas for improvement, and feel reassured that their instructor is actively involved in their learning. Online courses make it easy for students to feel like they’re “on their own.” Regular feedback, delivered through grading platforms like Turnitin, Canvas, or Blackboard, can help bridge that gap and remind students that their instructor is paying attention to their work and progress.

 

3.    Active Participation in Discussion Forums

Discussion forums are valuable for fostering engagement in online courses, but they require the instructor’s active involvement to be truly effective. When instructors participate in discussions, ask questions, and provide thoughtful responses, they signal to students that their contributions are valued. Instructors can guide discussions, encourage deeper thinking, and provide clarification or additional insights, helping students feel part of a learning community rather than working in isolation.

 

4.    Office Hours and Availability

Virtual office hours allow students to interact with their instructor in real time. Whether through video conferencing platforms like Zoom, Google Meet, or Microsoft Teams, offering dedicated time for students to ask questions, seek clarification, or discuss challenges makes the instructor more approachable and accessible. Even if students don’t always attend, knowing that their instructor is available can provide comfort and reassurance that help is only a click away.

 

5.    Personalized Video Messages or Announcements

Incorporating personalized video messages can humanize the online learning experience. Short video announcements, weekly overviews, or feedback videos can significantly affect how connected students feel to their instructor. Seeing their instructor’s face and hearing their voice can foster a stronger sense of presence and make students feel more engaged.

 

6.    Prompt Responses to Student Inquiries

Students often need timely answers to questions about course materials, assignments, or technical issues. Prompt responses to student inquiries—whether through email, messaging platforms, or discussion forums—help maintain student momentum and prevent frustration. Setting clear expectations for response times (e.g., within 24-48 hours) and adhering to those guidelines is essential. This reassures students that their questions will be addressed promptly, reducing anxiety and fostering a sense of instructor support.

 

7.    Providing Motivation and Encouragement

Motivation plays a crucial role in student success, and a little encouragement can go a long way in keeping students engaged. Instructors can use discussion boards, announcements, or personalized feedback to acknowledge students’ progress, offer encouragement, and celebrate their achievements. Simple acts of recognition, such as congratulating students for completing a challenging assignment or highlighting excellent contributions in discussions, can boost morale and motivate students to push forward.

 

8.    Regular Check-Ins and Progress Monitoring

Monitoring student progress and checking in with those falling behind is another way to demonstrate instructor presence. By tracking assignment submissions, participation in discussions, and quiz scores, instructors can identify students needing additional support and reach out proactively. Sending a brief email or message to offer help, provide resources, or suggest a meeting can show students that their instructor cares about their success and is invested in helping them overcome challenges.

 

Instructor presence is a critical component of successful online education. By being visible, responsive, and actively engaged, instructors can create a learning environment where students feel supported and connected despite the virtual setting. Consistent communication, timely feedback, and regular check-ins help students stay motivated and engaged throughout the course. A strong instructor presence fosters a sense of community and belonging essential for student success in online learning. By taking intentional steps to be ‘there’ for their students, instructors can create a more enriching, supportive, and effective learning experience that helps students achieve their academic goals and prepares them for lifelong learning in a digital world.

 

Recommended Resources

Lehman, R. M., & Conceição, S. C. (2014). Motivating and Retaining Online Students: Research-Based Strategies That Work. Jossey-Bass. 

Lehman, R. M., & Conceição, S. C. (2010). Creating a Sense of Presence in Online Teaching: How to “Be There” for Distance Learners. Jossey-Bass.